According to the different VA content, the ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer can be divided into three categories: EVA resin, EVA elastomer and EVA emulsion. And each type of EVA copolymer has its own unique performance and application, and is widely used in wires and cables, films, rubber, coatings and other fields. The following is their detailed introduction:
- EVA resin (VA content is usually between 5% and 40%). Due to the introduction of VA, the crystallinity of EVA resin is significantly reduced, and the properties of polymer branching, flexibility, impact resistance, etc. are significantly improved. EVA resin is widely used in polyethylene modification, manufacturing wires and cables, films, and other molded products and mixtures. In addition, it also has important applications in foaming materials, photovoltaic films, functional greenhouse films, injection molding products, and blending agents.
- EVA elastomer (VA content is usually between 40% and 70%). With the increase of VA content, the elasticity of EVA materials increases significantly, and the chain transfer reaction increases, resulting in a wider molecular weight distribution, which affects the fluidity of the melt. EVA elastomer is mainly used in rubber, cables, and automotive industry parts. Due to its high elasticity, it can be used as a modifier for polyvinyl chloride, and it is almost amorphous and has a low glass transition temperature.
- EVA emulsion (VA content is as high as 75% to 95%). Due to the extremely high VA content, EVA emulsion has unique physical and chemical properties and is suitable for specific industrial applications. EVA emulsion is mainly used in coating industries such as adhesives and conductive paints.
In addition, the production process of EVA copolymer includes high-pressure bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization and solution polymerization. Among them, high-pressure bulk polymerization is the mainstream method for producing EVA materials. This method passes ethylene gas into a reactor filled with vinyl acetate liquid under high pressure and high temperature to carry out copolymerization.
At present, the global production of EVA copolymer is mainly concentrated in Northeast Asia, North America and Western Europe. The production capacity in Northeast Asia is mainly distributed in China, South Korea and Japan. With the continuous growth of demand for EVA resin in various industries, especially the rapid development of photovoltaic, footwear, packaging and other industries, the market scale of EVA resin has been gradually expanded. The demand for ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer in the domestic market has increased year by year in recent years, but due to technical and other reasons, the domestic self-sufficiency capacity is limited, and about 70% of the supply has long relied on imports.
In recent years, domestic enterprises have continuously increased their R&D investment in ethylene vinyl acetate resin production technology, and some large-scale projects have been put into production one after another, such as Baofeng Energy’s annual production of 250,000 tons of EVA project, which has created an industry precedent for using coal to replace oil to produce EVA, opened up the entire industrial chain and product chain of coal-based polyolefins, and gradually increased the self-sufficiency rate of domestic EVA resin. In the future, it is expected to occupy a more important position in the global EVA market. At the same time, with the continuous advancement of technology, the performance of EVA ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin is also constantly being optimized and upgraded, and new application areas are also being continuously developed, and the market prospects are very broad.